15, and 308. Equations (1) (6) represent a consistent set from which the viscosity of a liquid can Oct 18, 2023 · Specially prepared reagent-grade d-limonene (Nacalai Tesque, Inc. Ethanol Ethyl acetate Ethyl formate N-Hexane n-Hexadecane. Received December 8,1994. 0 Using this information: (a) Plot the reduced viscosity as a function of concentration (b) Determine the intrinsic viscosity of this PS sample and the value of the Huggins constant, 0. 3 mPa s. Newaccurate exp rimental data are presented forhe viscosity f l quid toluene. 3 μPa s. 046mm) and 900 m long. 0 × 104 to 1. 6%. n ‐Butyl Chloride Ethyl Acetate Glyme Iso‐Octane Methyl n ‐Propyl Ketone Tetrahydrofuran Chloroform Methyl Isobutyl Ketone Methanol. The viscosities of toluene-derived SOM were 2 × 10 −1 to ∼ 6 × 10 6 Pa s from 30 to 90 % RH, and greater than ∼ 2 × 10 8 Pa s (similar to or greater than the viscosity of tar pitch) for RH ≤ 17 %. 3, I. A C364-20190529195156. 2, Subcommittee on Transport Properties. 56 mPa s. 5%, an estimate confirmed by the measurements of the viscosity of toluene [6]. 6. Toluene is used in these applications because it is dense and contains significant energy per unit of Jul 1, 1992 · @article{osti_7177074, title = {Viscosity of liquid toluene at temperature from 25 to 150 degrees C and at pressures up to 30 MPa}, author = {Krall, A H and Sengers, J V and Kestin, J}, abstractNote = {In this paper, new measurements are presented for the viscosity of liquid toluene at temperatures from 25 to 150{degrees} C and at pressures up to 30 MPa. The estimated uncertainty is ± 0. 1 MPa the viscosity has been measured with a classical capillary viscometer (Ubbelohde) with an uncertainty of 1%. , Kyoto, Japan) was used New accurate experimental data are presented for the viscosity of liquid toluene. Jun 18, 2015 · The additives (toluene and naphtha) reduce the high viscosity of used heavy oil. 81 A very close value can also be 2,4-toluene diisocyanate: Formula: C 9 H 6 N 2 O 2: Molar Mass: 174. May 1, 2016 · Such result, which highlights the negative effect of viscosity on absorption performance, clearly appears in Fig. mm 2 / s. 14 The temperature range covered was from 213 to 373 K, and the pressure range Mar 11, 2019 · for the viscosity of n-hexane,11 n-heptane,12 and benzene13 is extended to developing a new reference correlation for the viscosity of toluene. Thedata cover atemperature range f om approximately 25 to 75~ and are represented with high precision by an Arrhenius TheViscosity of Liquid Toluene atElevated Pressures. 1 ± 1. Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also capable of dissolving a number of inorganic chemicals such as sulfur, iodine, bromine, phosphorus and other non-polar covalent substances. Question: 4) The following viscosity data were obtained for solutions of polystyrene (PS) in toluene at 30°C 0 0. ν = η/ρ. Previous viscosity measurements on water (88BER) have demonstrated the high accuracy of this method. Dymond, 1'2 N. They supplement the existing data, which have been obtained mostly above 273. 9 sec. Dec 1, 2017 · Toluene and benzene viscosities are reported by Vieira dos Santos and Nieto de Castro, who use a vibrating quartz-crystal viscometer to maximum conditions of 348 K and 207 MPa [23]. Surface tension and liquid viscosity data of the important and, thus, well-documented reference fluid toluene have been measured under saturation conditions over a wide temperature range, from 263 to 383 K. 08 1. Toluene (toluol) is a clear water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinner. Molecular Weight 92. , 100, 200) 2. Used mainly for the manufacturing of polyurethane flexible foams for the mattress, furniture and automotive industries. Oct 1, 2018 · The results showed dilution of heavy oil samples with toluene, DMK and a mixture of (50/50 vol. 79, 80 Moreover, the dynamic viscosity of pentol is reported to be 0. , density, viscosity, isothermal compressibility, thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity) 1 have been extensively Viscosity: Burdick & Jackson solvents are arranged in order of increasing viscosity, a measure of the internal resistance to flow exhibited by the solvent (at 20°C Aug 6, 2015 · Abstract This paper contains new, representative reference equations for the viscosity of toluene. Guaranteed reagent-grade toluene (Nacalai Tesque, Inc. LFL : Lower Flammability Limit (% in Air). 5% for 260 K⭐T⭐370 K and 2% for 210 K⭐T⬍260 K and 370 K⬍T⭐400 K 共95% confidence level兲. Excess molar volume VE, isobaric thermal compressibility α, excess Gibbs activation energy for fluid flow ΔGE*, and excess isentropic compressibility κSE were calculated from the measured . 15) K, respectively, at atmospheric pressure. Acetic acid Acetone Aniline Benzene Bromobenzene N-Butane Carbon disulphide Carbon dioxide Carbon tetrachloride Chloroform Di-ethyl ether. 1. 1 illustrate that 56 and 25 wt% toluene were required to reduce the viscosity of this extra-heavy crude oil to 30 ± 10 mPa·s at 25 and 50 °C, respectively. 1: kJ/mol: Review: Roux, Temprado, et al. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivate. It is also used for the production of polyurethane paints, adhesives and textile coatings. η : Dynamic viscosity (Pa×s). Pressure Absolute viscosity of steam at pressure ranging 1 - 10000 psia. , 2008: There are sufficient high-quality literature values to make a good evaluation with a high degree of confidence. The primary data selected for the viscosity of toluene along the saturation line, for 213 Aug 10, 1993 · The viscosity of the vapor mixtures benzene-toluene (four mole fractions at densities up to 0. Stock solutions of polymer mixtures with known composition and known concentration were prepared by weighing the component polymers and solvent in a vessel. Units for Kinematic Viscosity: ft 2 / s. Viscosity of Benzene, Toluene, and m-Xylene 451 In the above equations, Ko and K1 are modified Bessel functions. Consider the intrinsic viscosity [ η] which relates to the reduced viscosity η red as η red = η sp C, where η sp is the specific viscosity and C is the concentration. g. Advanced search Similarity search. 6 257. 5%. J. C6H5CH3. Manufacturer/Supplier Trade name: Manufacturer/Supplier Article number: S25611. Volumes and heat capacities in the continuious phase water-n-butanol-toluene of reverse micelles, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1986, 25, 209-230. Soc. 15, 323. Intrinsic viscosities [η] were determined for five polystyrene samples ranging in molecular weight Mw from 9. 12% at 378 K. Stelbrink 2. Two of the six possible isomers are commercially important: 2,4-TDI (CAS: 584-84-9) and 2,6-TDI (CAS: 91-08-7). Inhaling toluene has the potential to cause severe neurological harm. Study on the molecular weight dependence of dilute solution properties of narrowly distributed polystyrene in toluene and in the unperturbed state. The pipeline is 225 mm internal diameter (E=0. They supplement th existing data, which have been obtained mostly above 273 Aug 16, 2000 · New measurements have been made for the viscosity of toluene between 255 K and 323 K at pressures up to approximately 400 MPa with a falling-body viscometer. Toluene ( / ˈtɒl. CAUTIONARY RESPONSE INFORMATION. the entropy and the free energy of formation. s 1 Pa. Thus, including own measurements reported earlier experimental data are available in the temperature range between 305 and 630 K (toluene) and between 340 and 635 K (p-xylene) and for densities The dynamic viscosity of toluene is approximately 0. Chemical and physical properties of Toluene. The centistoke (one hundredth of a stoke) is more generally used. 2 Specific Gravity at 25°/25°C We have determined intrinsic viscosities for five polystyrene samples of molecular weights 9:0 104–1:2 106 in toluene-supercritical CO2mixutures at 40 C under high pressure (7– 10 MPa). lsECTION 1 : Identification of the substance/mixture and of the supplier. 2. %) toluene and DMK reducing the viscosity, moreover the temperature has a great effect on the degree Chemical Name Toluene Diisocyanate 2,4-Toluene Diisocyanate 2,6-Toluene Diisocyanate CAS No. Received April 12, 1990. 4. 5 Determines column pressure drop; low values of viscosity desirable Boiling point I. 2 × 106 in toluene-supercritical carbon dioxide mixtures with different Feb 1, 2002 · Distilled analytical grade toluene was used as solvent. H. Oct 14, 2022 · Toluene is a gasoline additive that can be used to improve octane ratings for fuel used in race cars and other automobiles. Chem. At 0. Liquids - Temperature and Dynamic Viscosities. 5% below 0. Toluene-4-sulfonic acid is an arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by a methyl group. [ all data ] Tardajos, Aicart, et al. 15 K (ITS-90) from atmospheric pressure up to 200 MPa, by a torsionally vibrating quartz-crystal viscometer, with an estimated accuracy of 0. 3 ␮Pa s, or 0. Die Makromolekulare Chemie 1983 , 184 (10) , 2173-2186. 6 Common organic compounds C7H8 toluene 108-88-3 η viscosity T temperature p pressure References Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. ) Press here to zoom A calibrated Ni NiCr thermocouple was used for temperature measure ment. The overall uncertainty of the measurements is estimated to be +0. , 1986 Object moved to here. Finally, CO 2, toluene and N 2 adsorption behaviors and dynamic breakthrough experiment of ZIF-67-PLs were systematically investigated, which reveal ZIFs Kinematic viscosities of some common liquids like motor oil, diesel fuel, peanut oil and many more. It can be seen that T/W emulsion was more effective than Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also capable of dissolving a number of inorganic chemicals such as sulfur, iodine, bromine, phosphorus and other non-polar covalent substances. Product name : Toluene, Reagent Grade. At 20. 866 g/cm3. The higher the octane number or rating, the greater the fuel’s resistance to knocking or pinging during combustion. , J. Mercury Methanol Nitrobenzene N-Octane Oil, castor Oil, olive N-Pentane N-Propane Sulphuric acid Toluene. The data cover a temperature range from approximately 25 to 75°C and are represented with high precision by an Arrhenius equation The proposed value of the viscosity of toluene at 298. 56 mPa*s; the activation energy for viscosity of PMMA is 7000 cal/mol. [ all data ] Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 New relative measurements of the viscosity of liquid toluene are reported for the temperature range 218 to 378 K. The Blend of 80% 2,4- and 20% 2,6 toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Viscosity arising due to internal molecular friction produces the frictional drag effect. There are two related measures of fluid Jan 5, 2019 · Another alternative for the viscosity reduction is to blend the extra-heavy oil with toluene as a diluent. Newrelative measurements ofthe viscosity fl quid toluene are r ported for the temperature range 218 to 378 K. 15, and 373. Typical examples include mixtures of alcohol–water for fuel cell electrodes [1], [2], [3], alcohol–toluene for multi-layer ceramic capacitors, terpineol–water for conductive inks [4], and dichloromethane–butoxyethanol–dibutylphthalate for 3D The measurements are in good agreement with most measurements in this temperature range and thus form the basis of a new IUPAC recommendation for the viscosity of toluene at atmospheric pressure from 210 to 370 K. ) Check here for automatic Y scaling 3. 5 and 0. Toluene was the first viscosity reference liquid to be proposed (after water), as it is widely used as a basic compound for chemical synthesis and as an organic solvent. In the metric system, the unit of kinematic viscosity is the square centimeter per second or the stoke. From these experimental data, the values of excess molar volume VmE and the deviations in viscosity Δη are calculated Toluene undergoes alkylation in the presence of modified ZSM (Zeolite Socony Mobil)-5-class zeolite catalysts to form p-xylene with high selectivity. Viscosity measurementsA dilution type Ubbelohde viscometer was used. 4% for viscosities between 0. The measurements were performed with a vibrating-wire viscometer. The proposed tabulated data have estimated uncertainties of 0. Hylene T Mondur TDS Nacconate 100 TDI 2,4-Tolylene diisocyanate Keep people away. 1 Data 2. 1 MPa is η = 554. Kaiser, 2'3 A. Its IUPAC systematic name is methylbenzene. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS One of the main difficulties encountered during this work was the water present in the toluene. D. , Kyoto, Japan) was used for viscosity measurements. The viscosity was measured relative to the viscosity of liquid water with the aid of an Ubbelohde capillary viscometer. 8 01. Use the following data: Toluene viscosity at 25 °C is 0. • Regioisomers have slightly different enthalpies of reaction. The results in Fig. ɒl, - ɔːl, - oʊl / ), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon [15] with the chemical formula C6H5CH3, often abbreviated as PhCH3, where Ph stands for phenyl group. Viscosity determination of liquid by using Ostwald viscometer is …. , 1929, 51, 2738. The viscosity was measured relative to the viscosity f l quid water with the aid of an Ubbelohde capillary viscometer. , amount to 600 equivalent pipe diameters. A Here’s the best way to solve it. Temperature Density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and more. Mar 1, 2006 · The proposed value for the viscosity of liquid toluene at 298. 15 K. s = 1000 centiPoise The information has been obtained from reference texts and the internet. 5 mPa s, ± 0. 1 I. Am. CAS 108-88-3. The maximum liquid level in the storage tank is 30 m above the lowest level in the ship’s Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. The uncertainty of the measurements, confirmed above room temperature with the measurement of the viscosity of water, is estimated to be ±0. Mar 1, 2023 · Different derivatives of benzyl toluene have been evaluated thermochemically. juiːn / ), also known as toluol ( / ˈtɒl. Ple …. Miscellaneous losses due to fittings, valves, etc. Sulfur Dioxide Liquid - Thermal Properties Density, specific heat, thermal conductivity and more. • Hydrogenation proceeds ring-wise with similar energetics for the main steps. s 1 Centipoise = 1 mPa s (milliPascal Second)= 10-3 Pa. 2,4-TDI is produced in the pure state, but TDI is often marketed as 80/20 and 65/35 mixtures of the 2,4 and 2,6 isomers respectively. The results are in close agreement with recent viscosity measurements Dec 1, 2017 · Toluene and benzene viscosities are reported by Vieira dos Santos and Nieto de Castro, who use a vibrating quartz-crystal viscometer to maximum conditions of 348 K and 207 MPa [23]. This paper reports newmeasurements on the viscosity oftoluene atpr ssures up to 500 MPa at 299 K and pressures up to 435 MPa at 323 K. Received April 8, 1987. 39 mPa s in the literature. 91-08-7 Synonyms TDI, Toluene Diisocyanate Molecular Formula CH3 C6 H3 (NCO)2 Molecular Weight 174. It is a member of toluenes and an arenesulfonic acid. The experiments in this work rely on a heterodyne detection scheme and signal analysis by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). 998 and 0. May 4, 2018 · The viscosity of toluene SOA was predicted using the elemental composition obtained by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), resulting in a good agreement with the measured viscosity. Freezing point is 68°F - 72°F. 584-84-9 CAS No. 26471-62-5 CAS No. = Pa. 54 1. 4cm The width of a slot cross section = 8cm The angle of the flight = 30 Jan 1, 2009 · Download Citation | Viscosity of the mixture (1) methanol; (2) toluene | This document is part of Volume 25 `Viscosity of Pure Organic Liquids and Binary Liquid Mixtures (Supplement to IV/18)' of A tanker carrying toluene is unloaded, using the ship's pumps, to an on-shore storage tank. The experimental data for each temperature were fitted with a Tait-like equation, by a non linear iterative program based on the Marquardt Aug 16, 2000 · The macroscopic properties of liquid toluene (i. C, pure water required 102. Jan 5, 2019 · Compared with using toluene or AES-DOA surfactant solution alone to achieve the desired extra-heavy oil viscosity (30 ± 10 mPa·s), the T/W emulsion decreased toluene and surfactant dosage from 56 to 3 wt% and from 12 to 2 mmol/L, respectively. The viscosity of the ethanol + toluene binary system has been measured with a falling-body viscometer for seven compositions as well as for the pure ethanol in the temperature range from 293. 31 Acetone Triethylamine Acetonitrile Heptane Methyl Ethyl Ketone Cyclopentane Dichloromethane. The experimental data have been correlated well within these The paper presents new measurements of the viscosity of toluene over a temperature range from 210 to 370 K, from the saturation line up to pressures of 30 MPa. ChEBI. 14. , The heat capacity of toluene from 14 deg K to 298 deg K. Polymer–nanoparticle suspensions in the coating industry often contain a mixture of solvents as the dispersing medium. The kinematic viscosity of a liquid can be looked upon as the liquid's resistance to flow under its own gravity head. Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. 2 Appearance Clear, Colorless Liquid Odor Strong, Pungent NCO Content (wt%) 48. Browse Toluene and related products at MilliporeSigma. 2 × 106 in toluene-supercritical carbon dioxide Steam - Viscosity vs. 3-Phenoxytoluene | C13H12O | CID 19165 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities Aug 1, 2009 · Abstract and Figures. Glen, 3J. 2 144. 11 giving K L a behavior according to the fluid phase. AVOID CONTACT WITH LIQUID AND VAPOR. Measurements of the Viscosity ofLiquid Toluene in the Temperature Range 218-378 K 1. • Thermodynamics of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction have been studied. Toluene diffusion coefficient and liquid boundary layer thickness should be taken into account to explain the difference between both PDMS. 55: 27: Tomato Ketchup: Viscosity of Tomato Ketchup: 1000: 30: Tomato Paste 30%: Viscosity of Tomato Paste 30% Feb 11, 2010 · Densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of toluene with acetone, ethyl methyl ketone, and acetophenone including those of pure liquids are measured over the entire composition range at temperatures (298. Pyda 4. The effect of toluene and AES-DOA mixed surfactant on emulsification was analyzed by measuring the For Zoom; 1. Calculate viscosity of toluene. 012 mol · L −1) and benzene-p-xylene (four mole fractions at densities up to 0. Aug 1, 2021 · To further confirm the general strategy via non-covalent interaction, we choose ZIF-8 as a porous solid medium to suspend into [C 6 BIm 2][NTf 2] 2 to prepare the lower viscosity ZIF-8-PLs. 15 K and 0. F. When doped on graphene, it acts as an electron donor leading to alteration in graphene electrical properties due to electrochemical interaction. A total of Mar 1, 2000 · Viscosity coefficients for binary mixtures of hexafluorobenzene with benzene, toluene, para-xylene, and mesitylene have been measured along the saturation line at temperatures from 15 to 120C for the viscosity of n-hexane,11 n-heptane,12 and benzene13 is extended to developing a new reference correlation for the viscosity of toluene. The viscosity of crude oils is highly affected by operating pressure and temperature and their composition in terms of asphaltene, wax, resin, and aromatics. Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also The viscosity of toluene was measured before and after each liquid to assure the continuing good operation of the instrument. TOLUENE 2,4-DIISOCYANATETDI. 4cm Length=6cm Dimension of the extruder: Length= 40cm Screw diameter= 5cm The depth of a slot cross section=0. For most practicle issues this can be used for liquid benzene at any pressure up to the critical point (289°C, 49 bara or 552°F, 712 psia) The output dynamic viscosity is given as Pa*s, N*s/m 2, cP, mPa*s, lb f *s/ft 2 and lb m / (ft*h), while the kinematic viscosity is given as cSt Oct 20, 2023 · 1. We also estimated the viscosity of biomass burning particles using the chemical composition measured by HRMS with two different ionization techniques Toluene. The calculator gives the viscosity at saturation pressure. Toluene, Reagent Grade. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. B. 159: Additional Names: Viscosity (Liquid in equilibrium with Gas) as a function of Temperature Toluene diisocyanate ( TDI) is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 C 6 H 3 (NCO) 2. 2sec to flow through the capillary of an Ostwald viscometer, while toluene at 20∘C required 68. IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy CAS Registry Number: 108-88-3 Chemical structure: This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file The viscosity of toluene and benzene was measured at the temperatures of 298. All the viscosity measurements were carried out at 25 °C. 3 Affects pump performance and safety; higher boiling solvents preferred Miscibility Important for choice of RPC organic solvent and sample solvent Density I. Laesecke, 2'4 and M. Aug 4, 2015 · for the viscosity of liquid toluene as a function of temperature and density was proposed by Assael et al. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Jan 1, 2009 · The viscosity of the ethanol + toluene binary system has been measured with a falling-body viscometer for seven compositions as well as for the pure ethanol in the temperature range from 293. 3 194. These extend earlier high-pressure measurements below 298 K. 023 mol · L −1) has been measured in an all-quartz oscillating-disk viscometer with small gaps for temperatures between 330 and 630 K (benzene-toluene) and between 355 and 625 K (benzene-p-xylene). Notes: The values identified below are for dynamic viscosity as measured using centiPoise (cP) and SI units N. 15 to 353. Wilbur and Jones, utilize a rolling-ball viscometer to measure the viscosity of toluene-d 8, a deuterated isotope of toluene, to 473 K and 350 MPa [25]. 23 Ethyl Ether 0. 4 mPa s, and ±0. Naphtha is more efficient as viscosity reducer than toluene. Viscosity of Toluene: 0. 15 to Here’s the best way to solve it. The equations are based in part upon a body of experimental data that has been critically assessed for internal consistency and for agreement with theory whenever possible. The viscosities of a series of solutions of polystyrene in toluene were measured at 25°C and the results obtained are summarized Fluids Index Viscosities of Various Fluids. Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also Aug 16, 2000 · New measurements have been made for the viscosity of toluene between 255 K and 323 K at pressures up to approximately 400 MPa with a falling-body viscometer. 3% for viscosi ties above 0. ju. e. Isdale, 3 and M. It is a colorless, water -insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. ) Enter the desired X axis range (e. It is a conjugate acid of a toluene-4-sulfonate. Introduction. The measurements form part of an intercomparison of high-pressure viscometers by the IUPAC Physical Chemistry Division, Commision 1. 16 65. Finally, all these results help the understanding of Toluene, formerly known as toluol, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners. 725 and K (e) Calculate the Apr 1, 2009 · Intrinsic viscosities [η] were determined for five polystyrene samples ranging in molecular weight Mw from 9. 27 Hexane 0. Jan 1, 2017 · The viscosity of the binary system 1-propanol + toluene has been measured with a falling-body viscometer for seven compositions as well as for the pure alcohol in the temperature range (293. The relative accuracy of the results is estimated between −1 and 1. Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment; Δ f H° gas: 50. 24 Methyl t ‐Butyl Ether 0. Dec 27, 2023 · Density, viscosity, refractive index, and ultrasonic velocity were measured for the pure materials anisole, methanol, and toluene, and for the binary mixtures: methanol—anisole and methanol—toluene. 15, 348. Jan 1, 2017 · The densities and kinematic viscosities of 10 binary subsystems of the regular quinary system, benzene (1) + toluene (2) + ethylbenzene (3) + heptane (4) + cyclooctane (5), were measured at 308 The experiments in this work rely on a heterodyne detection scheme and signal analysis by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). The Ideal Gas Law The relationship between volume, pressure, temperature and quantity of a gas, including definition of gas density. 15 to Viscosity 2. 15, 303. s m -2. 2±3. 6 Required for the (more accurate) formulation of mobile phases by weight Toluene Liquid - Thermal Properties vs. Viscosity of toluene 2 Pure liquids 2. Common SynonymsLiquid Colorless to light yellow Sharp, sweet, fruity odor Sinks and reacts with water. 62 2. Viscosity is resistance to shear or flow in a fluid - and a measure of the adhesive/cohesive or frictional property. Dimension of the die: Diameter=0. 2. reported similar Jun 15, 2023 · Understanding the viscosity of crude oil systems under production and transportation conditions is a significant advantage in successful exploitation strategy and production design [2]. Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also Nov 25, 1992 · New measurements of the vapor phase viscosity of toluene and p-xylene have been performed in an all-quartz oscillating-disk viscometer with small gaps. 74 and 1. 38% at 218 K, narrowing to one of −0. Ratnakar et al. 15 K has an estimated uncertainty of 3. Densities of water and toluene are 0. Toluene is an important organic solvent, but is also Sep 1, 2016 · The viscosity of heavy oil decreased with toluene, heptane and gas condensate, but methanol increased the viscosity due to the formation of hydrogen bonds [56]. 15 K and up to 100 MPa with an experimental uncertainty of 2%. Viscosity (cP) Viscosity (cP) Pentane 0. tm ap nv zo bu qo kw dk gk lf